Title of project

Exploring Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Gestational Diabetes: The Role of Whey Protein in Glycemic Control and Gastric Emptying

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant health risks for both
mother and offspring, affecting approximately 14% of pregnancies globally, with increasing
prevalence in Denmark. Current management primarily involves dietary interventions and
physical activity; however, nearly 40% of affected women require insulin therapy, which is
costly and can lead to complications such as hypoglycemia. Recent studies suggest that whey
protein may offer a viable, non-pharmacological alternative for glycemic control, due to its
insulinotropic properties and potential impact on gastric emptying.

Objectives: This PhD project aims to evaluate the efficacy of pre-meal whey protein in
comparison to insulin therapy in women with GDM who struggle to maintain glycemic levels
through diet and exercise alone. We hypothesize that pre-meal whey protein will achieve noninferior
glycemic control relative to insulin and positively influence gastric emptying rates.

Methods: The research will encompass two clinical trials: the first, a randomized controlled
trial (WISE), will compare insulin to pre-meal whey for glycemic control in sixty women with
insulin-requiring GDM. The primary outcome will include postprandial blood glucose levels.
The second trial (WHEY-GEM) will investigate gastric emptying dynamics in eighteen pregnant
women, with and without GDM, through a randomized crossover design. The primary outcome
is paracetamol concentration as an indicator of gastric emptying.

Perspectives: The findings from this research could potentially establish pre-meal whey
protein as a practical and effective intervention for managing GDM, reducing the reliance on
insulin therapy and associated risks. Such advancements could lead to improved maternal and
neonatal health outcomes and enhance the quality of care for women with GDM.